Trung tâm trị liệu thần kinh cột sống QVN xin chia sẻ các thông tin và phương pháp Tập vận động cứng liệt tuỷ
Phục hồi chức năng sau tổn thương tủy sống được xem như một phần thiết yếu trong điều trị bệnh nhân sau tổn thương tủy. Phục hồi chức năng tủy sống cần được nhìn nhận đúng với những lợi ích mà nó mang lại cho người bệnh bao gồm việc dự phòng các biến chứng như loét và co rút cơ, tập vận động tăng sức mạnh của các cơ, khôi phục các kỹ năng sinh hoạt cơ bản để có một cuộc sống độc lập, giải quyết các vấn đề tâm lý.
Tổn thương tuỷ sống là gì?
Tổn thương tủy sống là tình trạng tổn thương một phần tủy sống, làm ảnh hưởng đối với phần cơ thể tương ứng do đoạn tủy sống bị tổn thương kiểm soát.
Tủy sống là đường thần kinh nằm trong ống sống, xuất phát từ não bộ xuống dọc theo cột sống. Các luồng thông tin vận động và cảm giác đều phải đi qua tủy sống. Do đó, khi tủy sống bị tổn thương, phần cơ thể dưới vị trí tổn thương có thể bị hạn chế hoặc mất hẳn về khả năng vận động cũng như cảm giác.
Nguyên nhân
Nguyên nhân gây tổn thương tủy sống có thể kể đến như:
-Tai nạn giao thông
-Tai nạn lao động, sinh hoạt, thể thao
-Dị tật nứt đốt sống ở trẻ
-Bệnh lý tủy sống (lao cột sống, viêm tủy, xơ tủy, u tủy, u cột sống, thoát vị đĩa đệm chèn ép tủy…)
Phương pháp trị liệu tập vận động cứng liệt tuỷ
Tập thở và ho
Người bị tổn thương tủy sống những đoạn tủy cao ở vùng cổ và ngực phải đối diện với tình trạng liệt một phần các cơ hô hấp. Vì thế, người bệnh bị mất khả năng ho gây ứ đọng đờm dãi, tăng khả năng mắc bệnh viêm phổi. Đặt hai tay trước ngực bệnh nhân, ấn mạnh xuống ngực khi bệnh nhân ho. Tránh làm dịch chuyển cột sống.
Tập vận động
Trong thời gian đầu sau tổn thương tủy, người bệnh thường nằm bất động, co rút cơ có thể xuất hiện, thường gặp nhất ở vị trí các khớp, thường kèm theo cứng khớp. Vì vậy, những khớp vùng ở các chi bị liệt cần được cử động thường xuyên, khoảng 10 lần/ngày, ở cả hai tư thế ngồi và nằm.
Tập tăng sức mạnh các cơ ở chi và thân mình
Người bệnh ở tư thế ngồi, hai tay chống thẳng trên 2 hộp gỗ hoặc đệm cứng có bề dày khoảng 15 cm. Khuyến khích họ nâng thân mình lên nhờ sức mạnh của hai cánh tay và giữ nguyên tư thế trong vòng 10 giây. Lặp lại động tác 10 lần.
Đặt người bệnh nằm ngửa, khuyến khích họ gập người, đưa bàn tay đến chạm gối, hai chân cố gắng duỗi thẳng. Lặp lại động tác 10 lần.
Các bài tập nâng cao sức cơ nên được xây dựng theo nhiều hình thức khác nhau để tạo thích thú cho người bệnh. Bệnh nhân có thể dùng tạ hoặc túi cát để kéo hoặc nâng lên từ từ. Mỗi động tác cần được lặp lại 10 lần.
Tập đứng
Hỗ trợ người bệnh đứng dậy để cải thiện lưu thông máu, làm dễ đào thải các chất cặn bã như nước tiểu và phân.
Chi tiết về phương pháp trị liệu Tập vận động cứng liệt tuỷ xin vui lòng liên hệ hotline: 0366001090 Để được tư vấn hoàn toàn miễn phí!
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